铸造铝合金成分和分组
铝合金铸造随着现代工业的发展,铝和铝合金得到了广泛的应用。除了需要高导热性、高导电性和高耐腐蚀性的零件使用纯铝制造外,为了满足各种工程的需要,铝中大都添加了某些元素来获得所需要的性能,即以铝合金的形式被采用。
铸造铝合金中常含有的合金元素:硅(Si)、铜(Cu)、镁(Mg)、锌(Zn)、锡(Sn)、和其他一些元素如铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、镍(Ni)、铍(Be)、镐(Zr)、钛(Ti)、等。按合金所含基本合金元素的不同,可以将铸造合金分为四大组:
(1)、铸造铝-硅合金;
(2)、铸造铝-铜合金;
(3)、铸造铝-镁合金;
(4)、铸造铝-锌合金;
以下为用于生产中铸造铝合金的代号,主要的化学成分和杂质含量的分布表:
铸造铝合金的主要化学成分
序号 | 合金牌号 | 合金代号 | 主 要 化 学 成 分 (%) | ||||||||
硅 | 铜 | 镁 | 锰 | 锌 | 镍 | 铬 | 钛 | 铝 | |||
| 铝-硅合金 |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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1 | 101号铸铝 | ZL101 | 6.0~8.0 |
| 0.2~0.4 |
|
|
|
|
| 其余 |
2 | 102号铸铝 | ZL102 | 10.0~13.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 其余 |
3 | 103号铸铝 | ZL103 | 4.5~6.0 | 1.5~3.0 | 0.3~0.7 | 0.3~0.7 | 0.3~0.7 |
|
|
| 其余 |
4 | 104号铸铝 | ZL104 | 8.0~10.5 |
| 0.17~0.3 | 0.2~0.5 | 0.2~0.5 |
|
|
| 其余 |
5 | 105号铸铝 | ZL105 | 4.5~5.5 | 1.0~1.5 | 0.35~0.6 |
|
|
|
|
| 其余 |
6 | 106号铸铝 | ZL106 | 7.0~8.5 | 1.0~2.0 | 0.2~0.6 | 0.2~0.6 | 0.2~0.6 |
|
|
| 其余 |
7 | 107号铸铝 | ZL107 | 6.5~7.5 | 3.5~4.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
| 其余 |
8 | 108号铸铝 | ZL108 | 11.0~13.0 | 1.0~2.0 | 0.4~1.0 | 0.3~0.9 | 0.3~0.9 |
|
|
| 其余 |
9 | 109号铸铝 | ZL109 | 11.0~13.0 | 0.5~1.5 | 0.8~1.5 |
|
| 0.5~1.5 |
|
| 其余 |
10 | 110号铸铝 | ZL110 | 4.0~6.0 | 5.0~8.0 | 0.2~0.6 |
|
|
|
|
| 其余 |
11 | 111号铸铝 | ZL111 | 8.0~10.0 | 1.3~1.8 | 0.4~0.6 | 0.1~0.35 | 0.1~0.35 |
|
| 0.1~0.35 | 其余 |
| 铝-铜合金 |
|
|
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|
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12 | 201号铸铝 | ZL201 |
| 4.5~5.3 |
| 0.6~1.0 |
|
|
| 0.15~0.35 | 其余 |
13 | 202号铸铝 | ZL202 |
| 9.0~11.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
| 其余 |
14 | 203号铸铝 | ZL203 |
| 4.5~5.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
| 其余 |
| 铝-镁合金 |
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15 | 301号铸铝 | ZL301 |
|
| 9.5~11.5 |
|
|
|
|
| 其余 |
16 | 302号铸铝 | ZL302 | 0.8~1.3 |
| 4.5~5.5 | 0.1~0.4 |
|
|
|
| 其余 |
| 铝-锌合金 |
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17 | 401号铸铝 | ZL401 | 6.0~8.0 |
| 0.1~0.3 |
| 9.0~13.0 |
|
|
| 其余 |
18 | 402号铸铝 | ZL402 |
|
| 0.3~08 |
| 5.0~7.0 |
| 0.3~0.8 | 0.1~0.4 | 其余 |
铸造铝合金的杂质含量
序号 | 合金牌号 | 合金代号 | 杂 质 含 量 (不大于%) | |||||||||||
铁 | 硅 | 铜 | 镁 | 锰 | 锌 | 镍 | 铬 | 钛 | 杂 质 总 合 | |||||
S | J | S | J | |||||||||||
| 铝-硅合金 |
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1 | 101号铸铝 | ZL101 | 0.6 | 1.0 |
| 0.2 |
| *0.5 | 0.3 |
| 0.001 | 0.005 | 1.2 | 1.6 |
2 | 102号铸铝 | ZL102 | 0.8 | 1.0 |
| 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| 0.001 | 0.005 | 2.2 | 2.3 |
3 | 103号铸铝 | ZL103 | 0.6 | 1.2 |
|
|
|
| 0.3 |
| 0.001 | 0.005 | 1.2 | 1.8 |
4 | 104号铸铝 | ZL104 | 0.6 | 0.9 |
| 0.3 |
|
| 0.3 |
| 0.001 | 0.005 | 1.2 | 1.5 |
5 | 105号铸铝 | ZL105 | 0.6 | 1.0 |
|
|
| 0.5 | 0.3 |
| 0.001 | 0.005 | 1.1 | 1.4 |
6 | 106号铸铝 | ZL106 | 0.6 |
|
|
|
|
| 0.2 |
| 0.001 | 0.005 | 1.0 |
|
7 | 107号铸铝 | ZL107 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
|
| 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| 0.001 | 0.005 | 1.0 | 1.2 |
8 | 108号铸铝 | ZL108 |
| 0.7 |
|
|
|
| *1.0 | 0.05 | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| 2.0 |
9 | 109号铸铝 | ZL109 |
| 0.5 |
|
|
| *0.6 | 0.2 |
| 0.001 | 0.005 |
| 1.2 |
10 | 110号铸铝 | ZL110 |
|
|
|
|
| 0.5 | 0.6 |
| 0.001 | 0.005 |
| 2.7 |
11 | 111号铸铝 | ZL111 |
|
|
|
|
| 0.1~0.35 | 0.1 |
|
|
|
| 1.0 |
| 铝-铜合金 |
|
|
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|
|
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|
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12 | 201号铸铝 | ZL201 | 0.3 |
| 0.3 |
| 0.05 |
| 0.2 | 0.1 |
|
| 1.0 | 3.0 |
13 | 202号铸铝 | ZL202 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.5 |
| 0.01 | 2.8 | 2.5 |
14 | 203号铸铝 | ZL203 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.5 |
| 0.03 | 0.35 | 0.35 |
|
|
| 2.2 |
|
| 铝-镁合金 |
|
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|
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15 | 301号铸铝 | ZL301 | 0.3 |
| 0.3 | 0.1 |
| 0.1 | 0.1 |
| 0.07 |
|
|
|
16 | 302号铸铝 | ZL302 | 0.5 |
|
| 0.1 |
|
| 0.2` |
| 0.2 |
| 1.3 |
|
| 铝-锌合金 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 0.7 |
|
17 | 401号铸铝 | ZL401 | 0.8 | 1.2 |
| 0.6 |
| 0.5 |
|
|
|
| 1.8 | 2.0 |
18 | 402号铸铝 | ZL402 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| 0.3 |
|
|
|
| 1.5 | 1.8 |